Penetration Grade Bitumen is a type of refinery bitumen known for its varying viscosities. It is commonly referred to as petroleum-grade bitumen due to its semi-hard, black texture. The term “penetration bitumen” originates from the penetration test used to measure its hardness. Standard penetration bitumen grades encompass 60/70, 80/100, 85/100, 40/50, and 30/40. Typically, lower penetration grade bitumen is utilized in warmer regions, while higher penetration grades are favored in colder climates. Bitumen 60/70 is a widely adopted grade across multiple markets.
Penetration Grade Bitumen is defined by the results of the penetration and softening point test, with its nomenclature based solely on the penetration range. The fundamental principle is that less viscous asphalt allows the penetration needle to delve deeper. This penetration depth is empirically, though roughly, correlated with asphalt binder performance. Consequently, asphalt binders featuring high penetration numbers, often termed “soft,” are employed in cold climates, whereas binders with low penetration numbers, referred to as “hard,” are suitable for warmer climates. For example, Bitumen 60/70 indicates a penetration range spanning from 60 decimeters (dm) to 70 dm, indicating that the needle will penetrate the bitumen sample to a minimum depth of 60 dm and a maximum of 70 dm.
BituPlus manufactures this grade of bitumen by introducing hot air into high-quality vacuum residue. It is primarily utilized in the production of hot mix asphalt for base and wearing courses.
The penetration grading system was developed in the early 1900s to evaluate the consistency of semi-solid asphalts. Penetration grading quantifies various characteristics of asphalt concrete, including penetration depth at 25°C (77°F), flashpoint temperature, ductility at 25°C (77°F), solubility in trichloroethylene, results of the thin film oven test (which accounts for the effects of short-term aging during mixing with hot aggregate), retained penetration, and ductility at 25°C (77°F).
For detailed specifications of BituPlus penetration bitumen, please consult their documentation.
10- Bitumen 80/100
11- Bitumen 85/100